A Shariah-Based Research Review of the Rights of Animals, Plants,and Inanimate Objects in Light of Contemporary Demands

Abstract

This research examines the rights of animals, plants, and inanimate objects in the light
of Islamic Shariah and analyzes their relevance to contemporary social, environmental,
and ethical challenges. Islam presents a comprehensive worldview in which all
creations of Allah possess value, purpose, and a distinct relationship with human
beings. The study explores the Qur’anic teachings and Prophetic traditions that
emphasize compassion toward animals, responsible utilization and preservation of
plants, and respectful treatment of natural resources and material objects. It highlights
that Shariah does not limit rights solely to human beings; rather, it establishes moral
and legal responsibilities toward the entire ecosystem. The research further
investigates contemporary issues such as environmental degradation, deforestation,
climate change, animal cruelty, biodiversity loss, and the excessive exploitation of
natural resources. By examining classical Islamic jurisprudence alongside modern
environmental concerns, the study demonstrates that Islamic teachings provide
practical principles for sustainable development and ecological balance. The concept
of stewardship (Khilafah) is identified as a central framework through which humans
are entrusted with the protection and responsible management of all forms of
creation.Using an analytical and descriptive methodology, the study evaluates how
Islamic legal and ethical principles can contribute to addressing modern environmental
crises and promoting a culture of sustainability. The findings reveal that adherence to
Shariah-based guidelines regarding animals, plants, and inanimate entities can foster
environmental justice, social responsibility, and long-term ecological well-being. The
research concludes that Islamic teachings offer a holistic and timeless approach to
protecting nature and ensuring harmony between humanity and the environment in the
contemporary world.